No. 2 (2021): Architecture, Construction, Transport

The article presents the results of research and analysis of the general state of the architectural structures’ coloristics in historical areas of a number of cities in the south of the Tyumen region. It contains the examples of photofixation and formalized color schemes of the selected building facades, and provides a summary table of typical colors in the historical centers of cities under study. The differences in the polychromy of the studied cities and possible options for the development of the concept of coloristics of the architectural environment of these cities are determined.

The article touches upon the issues of urban planning transformations, which is due to economic realities and the state of the spaceplanning frame of the city. The territorial growth of cities in the 60s of the last century led to the creation of suburban areas, most of them are monofunctional residential areas with “moderate” urban centers and typical green areas. However, modern society requires the creation of new territories with multilayered public and business zones, residential units, educational institutions, needs to form an understandable and acceptable environment for all social and age groups. Reconstruction of territories is currently carried out mainly according to individual projects developed on the basis of plans for the development of urban areas in general and in strict accordance with zoning plans. How to organize this process for the city painlessly, what functions are needed to be foreseen and how to determine all pros and cons of the planned changes – the issues that city authorities, urban planners and developers face today everywhere, including all over the post-Soviet space and the Republic of Armenia inparticular. For reveal the topic of transformation of functional zones, the article gives the examples of the urban planning experience of the USA, Germany and France.

Seismic sensors are installed on offshore platforms for recording earthquakes. Technological pipelines are being built, to service the operation of the field. This article is devoted to ensuring the safety of technological pipelines. It deals with the analysis of data on a seismic event based on the correlation of the seismic impact recorded on the platform. Since the process pipelines are located near the platform, using statistical analysis methods, correlation analysis of data recorded at a distance of about 200 m and using fuzzy logic methods, we can have an idea of the degree of impact of the earthquake on the surrounding process pipelines.

The article considers main problems associated with the treatment of surface wastewater in urban areas. This work addresses the task of searching for methods of extraction from aqueous solutions of petroleum products related to the main contamination of surface wastewater. Shredded waste from urban trees filing is an economical sorption material. Urban trees’ sawdust solves the problem of recycling tree branches. The authors describe of the experimental determination of oil capacity and static exchange capacity of maple and poplar sawdust, and show a dependence of the degree of extraction of oil products by phytosorbents on the contact time. The article concludes with assessment of applying urban trees filing waste as a sorption filters’ filling for cleaning surface wastewater from oil products.

The article presents a review of existing methods for reducing gases’ emissions with specific unpleasant odors during the process of wastewater and sludge treatment at wastewater treatment plants. The review is based on the Russian and foreign  research in the period from 2000 to 2020. The article considers advantages and disadvantages of the main methods for reducing the concentration of pollutants in the air near treatment plants.

The object of comparative analysis is the methods of underground construction. The article describes the technologies of open, semi-closed, combined and closed methods of underground buildings’ construction. The authors consider various types of pit fixing, and methods of excavation, depending on the choice of construction method, and provide a comparative table based on
the analysis of the applicability of these methods.
The results indicate the advantages of the semiclosed method of underground construction in the civil and industrial buildings’ construction.

Building Information Modeling (BIM) has revolutionized the construction industry. Currently, it is impossible to imagine the industry without this fundamentally new approach to building design and working with documentation. The integration of design, construction, approval and monitoring processes through BIM is an effective way to improve the economic, environmental and other key performance indicators of construction companies, and thus increase their competitive advantages. However, it is too early to talk about the widespread transition of industry organizations to BIM. This article describes the advantages of information modeling technologies and the complexity of their implementation in the workflow.

The article deals with the problems of road traffic accidents rate in a large Russian city Tyumen in the late 20 – early 21st centuries. The statistics describes the actual road safety (RS) in Tyumen in 1998–2020. The article presents models based on specific data from Tyumen, that confirm R. Smid's law on the relationship between motorization and the estimated characteristics of RS – human risk (HR) and transportation risk (TR). The trends of HR and TR formation over time for the Tyumen transport system correspond to the stage of a qualitative transition from the third to the fourth RS paradigm. The leading countries are characterized by the fifth paradigm of RS in the field of ensuring the safety of the population today. This is a system of views based on the ideas of the highest value of human life and the need to limit transport mobility, transfer it to another quality. Tyumen with the values of the third and fourth paradigms of RS in practice, so far in all objective manifestations repeats the experience of cities in other countries that passed this stage 20–30 years ago.

Like other countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, Guinea has to deal with the organization of the transport of food in these different markets throughout the country while optimizing and the cost of transport and the duration of the journey. To transport goods in good condition to achieve these goals there are the following factors: analysis of transported food, statistics of regional markets, analysis of the company Africa logistics through the types of perishable and non-perishable food transported by this company without forgetting analysis of the trade flows of Guinea.

The article discusses the results of simulation at the macro level of the scenario of the Trans-Siberian railway transfer outside the Tyumen. The authors give the analysis of changes in the traffic parameters calculated in the PTV VISUM program for the morning time of the day at the current moment for the option of transferring the railway from the city, and consider the options for increasing the completeness and accuracy of the modeling results for this option of infrastructure development.