A variety of risks arises during the operation of a collecting cutting tool, which can lead to a decrease in its output. To increase the serviceability of the tool in the process of cutting it is necessary to identify, evaluate and, if possible, to minimize the negative impact of the consequences of one risks or another. For this purpose, an analysis of risk assessment methods in the context of industrial enterprises was conducted. As a result the most effective and popular in various industries solutions were identified.
During consideration of one of such methods – failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) – an overview of its current changes is presented. In addition, the author proposes her own method based on the FMEA method for risk assessment during the operation of collecting cutting tool, which includes, among other things, the detection of opportunities and their numerical interpretation.

The destruction of gears occurs due to various reasons, first, connected with violation of manufacturing technology at different stages, poor quality assembly of the gear or the whole mechanism, as well as exceeding the specified operating loads. The aim of the study was to establish the causes of failure of the top drive gears in the drilling rig based on the mechanical and structural characteristics obtained by generally accepted methods, collectively used to assess the nature of the resulting damage. In order to
analyze the compliance of the gear manufacturing quality with the operational requirements and to identify the cause of their failure, we carried out complex studies, including microstructural analysis of the gear metal, determination of its chemical composition and mechanical properties, as well
as the study of the fracture surface morphology using scanning electron microscopy. As a result, we found that the gears failed due to a violation of the manufacturing technology in terms of wrong heat treatment.

Today, additive technologies are common used in different areas of human life and economics. However, the aspects of technological support for various parameters of accuracy in products obtained with 3D printing are not yet fully understood. This study investigates the problems of ensuring the required output products’ characteristics through a comprehensive approach, considering equipment, technological modes, and the work process itself. The study employed quality management methods, mathematical statistics, and frequency analysis as research tools. During experimental studies, batches of parts were printed. The parameters of the part accuracy were then measured and analyzed. The authors also examined the issue of printer elements’ resonant vibrations frequencies on the printing process output parameters. The study demonstrated that eliminating these frequencies by tuning equipment drives improves the accuracy of the resulting products. Further research will explore the impact of printing modes on the accuracy of products and the parameters of vibrational processes in printer elements. Obtaining this data will allow for more efficient technological preparation of the production of this class of products.

The goal of this work was to test the practicability of using a device that provides airflow into the Laval nozzle channel to enable the application of metal coating by cold spraying. A turbine with an integrated Laval nozzle at the outlet was considered as a device to provide airflow into the Laval nozzle channel. The authors describe the equipment used in the calculations and the experimental study, the process of gasdynamic calculation of the output velocity of the airflow injected by the turbine impeller and the results of this calculation with precise indices. As a result, functional dependences of the indicators that provide the possibility of using the turbine as a source of airflow have been obtained, and a conclusion about the inexpediency of using a turbine with an integrated Laval nozzle at the outlet to provide the possibility of metal coating by cold spraying has been formed.

To remove stones, bushes, trees from the right-of-way of the future road it is advisable to use machines with bulldozer equipment. Theoretical basis for excavation has been considered in detail, however, based on it, it is difficult to identify and compare the partial energy costs of the impact on the ground by the elements of equipment. Without knowing the value of partial energy consumption during the operation of each element of the work tool, it is impossible to improve it in a reasonable way. The purpose of the proposed theoretical study is a detailed analysis of the interaction of the soil and the knife of the bulldozer blade for the subsequent improvement of bulldozer equipment. The object of the study is the process of interaction between the soil and the knife. In the proposed scheme, soil cutting is carried out with micro-shiftings. Depending on soil  properties and machine velocity, deformations of pseudodisplacement, volume compression, crumpling will predominate in the soil. To determine the force required for crumpling, compression and pseudodisplacement of the soil in a sloping surface, we use the conditional generalized limit of soil crumpling strength. After determining, the force required for pseudo-displacement the soil in a sloping surface, we identify the energy consumption for the initial crumpling and pseudo-displacement of one cubic meter of soil. Then we determine the primary shear strength of the soil by edge of the bulldozer knife and the corresponding energy consumption; calculate the total energy costs and power to move the bulldozer knife. Based on the developed methodology, has been determined the energy consumption for primary crumpling and pseudo-displacement of one cubic meter of soil, for shifting the soil in the longitudinalvertical plane by the knife edge, the total energy consumption, power to move the knife of the bulldozer blade at different depths. The corresponding functions are constructed and approximated. Calculation of energy consumption for moving the bulldozer knife will allow to determine the total energy  consumption in order to upgrade the bulldozer equipment for reducing the costs in the future.

For technological guarantee of the required quality indicators of the surface layer of metallic rotation body parts at finishing machining needs the correct assignment of technological modes. During finishing turning, vibrational processes have a significant (and often decisive) effect on the formation of surface roughness. It is necessary to choose such values of technological modes, which provide an acceptable level of vibration (previously it is advisable to solve this problem by modelling). Mathematical model was carried out based on the determination of the turning tool deformations under the influence of cutting forces. To determine the  amplitudes of the cutter oscillations, the Mohr integral was used, and the amplitude-frequency characteristics were determined using the Duhamel integral. Cutting forces were determined taking into account the shape and nature of chip formation, the value of technological modes and processing conditions. As the material to be machined, the authors considered the cast iron with a layer hardened by diffusion alloying. Determination of input data for model was carried out directly during machining on the lathe and with the help of measurements of chip parameters. As cutting tools, we used standard cutters with mechanically fastened plates. The evaluation of the modelling results showed high convergence with the experimental results: the error in amplitude was 8.5 percent, in oscillation frequency - 12.3 percent; in general, the error did not exceed 15 percent. Thus, the developed model can be used for preliminary vibration assessment at the design stage of turning operations. 

The paper presents the design of an experimental cutting tool feed drive based on a slider-crank mechanism. A feature of the technology of milling a regular waffle background pattern is the need for regular repetition of cells, usually rectangular shape. This requires the development of a tool feed mechanism that provides а high processing speed and a significant reduction in cutting forces to prevent deformation of the cell shape. The drive design presented in the work provides feed rate up to 43 m/min with cutting speed up to 942 m/min. This eliminates the exit of the mechanism out of the cell dimensions, as well as provides a significant reduction of cutting forces up to 10 N and removes the problem of using coolant (dry machining). This is a feature of the high-speed milling mode, when the feed rate and cutting speed are significantly higher than traditional ones, and the cutting depth does not exceed 1 mm. The productivity of this milling process is much higher than traditional milling modes and, in addition, it causes less heating of the part, as almost all the heat escapes with the chips. The practical significance of the development is the increase of productivity of the equipment for waffle background milling in fuel tanks from aluminium alloys due to the application of the high-speed drive based on the slider-crank mechanism. The authors offered to mount it instead of the standard spindle on large-sized milling gantry-type machines. This makes it possible to use the high-speed milling modes at cutting forces of several newtons for reducing the weight of the power and moving parts of the drive and increasing the feed rate.  

The evolution of modern industry is impossible without the development of new materials and technologies. Nanostructured coatings, in particular electrolytic coatings,
are among the most demanded in mechanical engineering. The purpose of this work was to study the different mechanisms of obtaining Fe-Ni, CoMn, Ni-Cr galvanic alloys and their relationship with the specified universal physical and mechanical properties. Fe-Ni alloy is characterized by high microhardness and corrosion resistance in sea water, low cold brittleness; Co-Mn – by a specified phase composition (α-Co >> α-Mn, amorphous and metastable phase Co(OH)₂); Ni-Cr – by high coating alternating current for Fe-Ni and Co-Mn alloys; introduction of a special additive (carbamide or H-acid) for Ni-Cr alloy. The main mechanisms are: Fe-Ni due to phase transition α-Fe ε-Fe; Co-Mn by means of high-frequency alternating current and
carbamide addition, providing a specified phase composition; Ni-Cr by means of stationary method of addition of H-acid (high-chromium alloy of 68 mass percent of Cr) and carbamide (low-chromium alloy of 25 mass percent of Cr). Recommended uses for electroplating: Fe-Ni – for protection of oil and gas production equipment in the Arctic; CoMn – in modulation systems and as a nanocatalyst
in the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction; Ni-Cr – for corrosion-resistant protective coatings in petrochemistry and for resistive elements.

In this work, the task was to ensure the alignment of two intersecting metal wires to maintain the welding arc at all times. This need arose as a result of an experiment in cold spray metal plating. It revealed a problem that does not
allow maintaining a constant spraying process: the welding arc was unstable, because it did not ensure constant contact of differently charged metal wires. A description of the equipment used in the experiment (including both a real prototype and a three-dimensional model) and modifications of the existing mechanism to solve the identified problem is given. Also presented a general view of the modified design, as well as a separated three- dimensional model to show the fundamental design changes. As a result, a modified model of the housing, where the welding nozzles are located, has been developed. It is capable to ensure the adjustment of the welding nozzle position and, accordingly, to guarantee constant alignment of the two intersecting metal wires.

The purpose of this article is to identify the need for a unified terminology in the organization and to propose a way to implement a unified registry of terms and definitions adopted by the organization. The paper discusses the main problems associated with the lack of uniform terminology in the organization. An analysis of the accepted terms and definitions, as well as a survey among the employees of the organization carrying out its activities in the field of mechanical engineering, confirmed the need for standardization of terminology. In this regard, the task was to consider ways to implement a single registry of terms used in the preparation of internal regulatory documents. Based on the analysis, recommendations for its development are given.